IDENTIFICATION OF ZOONOTIC GENOTYPES OF GIARDIA DUODENALIS.

Identification of zoonotic genotypes of Giardia duodenalis.

Giardia duodenalis, originally regarded as a commensal organism, is the etiologic agent of giardiasis, a gastrointestinal sweater disease of humans and animals.Giardiasis causes major public and veterinary health concerns worldwide.Transmission is either direct, through the faecal-oral route, or indirect, through ingestion of contaminated water or

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IgA tetramerization improves target breadth but not peak potency of functionality of anti-influenza virus broadly neutralizing antibody.

Mucosal immunoglobulins comprise mainly secretory IgA antibodies (SIgAs), which are the major contributor to pathogen-specific immune Electric Potato Peelers responses in mucosal tissues.These SIgAs are highly heterogeneous in terms of their quaternary structure.A recent report shows that the polymerization status of SIgA defines their functionalit

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